Underlapping toes usually involve the fourth and fifth toes. (A special form of underlapping toes is called congenital curly toes.) The cause of underlapping toes is generally unknown. They may be caused by an imbalance in muscle strength of the small muscles of the foot. If deformed toes are flexible, a simple release of the […]

Mallet toes are often caused by bone and muscle imbalances that become exaggerated in people with active lifestyles. Arthritis can also lead to mallet toes. Mallet toes can cause extreme discomfort, and can be aggravated if restrictive or improperly fitting footwear is worn for a prolonged period of time. Treatment is designed to relieve pressure, […]

Jackson-Weiss Syndrome (JWS) is a rare genetic disorder characterized by foot abnormalities. Symtoms include abnormally broad big toes and/or malformation or fusion of certain bones within the feet.

Hammertoe is a deformity of the second, third or fourth toes. In this condition, the toe is bent at the middle joint, resembling a hammer. Left untreated, hammertoes can become inflexible and require surgery. People with hammertoe may have corns or calluses on the top of the middle joint of the toe or on the […]

Hallux Varus is a condition in which the big toe points away from the second toe. It often is one complication from bunion surgery. The condition has been linked to a number of other causes, including congenital deformity, tight or short abductor hallucis tendons, trauma or injury, absence or surgical removal of the fibular sesamoid. […]